APOL1 (Apolipoprotein L1) variants and mutations

APOL1 (also known as Apolipoprotein L1) is a human protein-coding gene encoding an apolipoprotein L1 protein. It contributes to innate immunity and can form membrane pores that kill certain trypanosomes. The G1 and G2 risk variants provide protection against some African trypanosomes but markedly increase susceptibility to several forms of kidney disease in individuals carrying two risk alleles. This analysis covers 747 APOL1 variants and mutations. Of these, 80% have computational variant effect predictions. Disease context includes focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, sporadic idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome, and glomerulonephritis. Example APOL1 variants include M1?, E2A, and E2D.

Variant analysis overview

Variant and mutation evidence

Clinical, disease, and population context

Protein structure and variant hotspots

Data sources

Evidence in this analysis draws on EBI Proteins Variation, UniProt, gnomAD v4, EuropePMC, 3D Hotspot Analysis, Interaction Network Analysis, Protein Data Bank, AlphaFold DB, gnomAD constraint, Open Targets, MaveDB, LitVar.

Notable APOL1 variants

Examples include M1?, E2A, E2D, E2G, E2E, G3*, G3A, A4D. Listed records include available protein-change notation, database identifiers, clinical classifications, computational predictions, population evidence, experimental measurements, and disease context.