B2M (Beta-2-microglobulin) variants and mutations

B2M (also known as Beta-2-microglobulin) is a human protein-coding gene encoding a beta-2-microglobulin protein. It is required for stable surface expression of MHC class I molecules and therefore for presentation of intracellular peptides to CD8 T cells. Loss of expression can help tumors evade immune recognition, while circulating beta-2-microglobulin is also used as a biomarker in several hematologic diseases. This analysis covers 525 B2M variants and mutations. Of these, 54% have computational variant effect predictions. Disease context includes Immunodeficiency by defective expression of HLA class 1, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and HIV infectious disease. Example B2M variants include M1?, M1T, and S2C.

Variant analysis overview

Variant and mutation evidence

Clinical, disease, and population context

Protein structure and variant hotspots

Data sources

Evidence in this analysis draws on EBI Proteins Variation, UniProt, gnomAD v4, EuropePMC, Interaction Network Analysis, Protein Data Bank, AlphaFold DB, gnomAD constraint, Open Targets, ClinGen, MaveDB, LitVar.

Notable B2M variants

Examples include M1?, M1T, S2C, S2F, S2P, S2Y, R3C, R3G. Listed records include available protein-change notation, database identifiers, clinical classifications, computational predictions, population evidence, experimental measurements, and disease context.