PAH (Phenylalanine-4-hydroxylase) variants and mutations

PAH (also known as Phenylalanine-4-hydroxylase) is a human protein-coding gene encoding a phenylalanine-4-hydroxylase protein. It converts phenylalanine to tyrosine using tetrahydrobiopterin, preventing toxic phenylalanine accumulation. Biallelic loss-of-function variants cause phenylketonuria and related hyperphenylalaninemias, which can impair brain development without early treatment. This analysis covers 1,132 PAH variants and mutations. Of these, 93% have computational variant effect predictions. Disease context includes phenylketonuria, Hyperphenylalaninemia, and Maternal hyperphenylalaninemia. Example PAH variants include M1I, M1L, and M1R.

Variant analysis overview

Variant and mutation evidence

Clinical, disease, and population context

Protein structure and variant hotspots

Data sources

Evidence in this analysis draws on EBI Proteins Variation, UniProt, gnomAD v4, EuropePMC, 3D Hotspot Analysis, Interaction Network Analysis, Protein Data Bank, AlphaFold DB, gnomAD constraint, Open Targets, ClinGen, MaveDB, LitVar.

Notable PAH variants

Examples include M1I, M1L, M1R, M1T, M1V, T3I, A4E, A4T. Listed records include available protein-change notation, database identifiers, clinical classifications, computational predictions, population evidence, experimental measurements, and disease context.